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影响遗忘进程的因素有哪些?

问答题
2022-08-11 00:02
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正确答案

(1)学习材料的性质:学习材料的性质是指材料的种类、长度、难度、系列位置以及意义性。
(2)识记材料的数量和学习程度的大小:一般来说,材料越多,要平均诵读的次数和时间也多,不及时复习,就越容易遗忘。学习程度太小或太大,都不利于对知识的记忆。
(3)记忆任务的长久性与重要性:长久的识记任务有利于材料在头脑中保持时间的延长,不重要和未经复习的内容则容易遗忘。
(4)识记的方法:以理解为基础的意义识记比机械识记的效果好得多。
(5)时间因素:根据遗忘规律,记忆的最初阶段遗忘速度快,随后逐渐变慢。
(6)识记者的态度:识记者对识记内容的需要、兴趣等,对遗忘的快慢也有一定影响。


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