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多元主义

名词解释题
2022-11-24 06:05
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正确答案

多元观是马克思主义的阶级观相对抗的。它不承认资本主义社会存在阶级和阶级对立,认为资本主义社会由多元的社会群体和个人所构成。在多元化社会中,起决定作用的是社会成员对某些社会价值和规范的共同意向,即所谓“广泛的社会合意”,而大众媒介无非是它的反映和表现。
霍尔指出,多元主义是虚伪的骗局,它掩盖了发达国家“经济资本和政治权力的集中垄断,以及由此所造成的物质财富和精神财富分配的巨大的不平等”。“广泛的社会合意”只是一种人为的虚构,是由大众媒介所编织出的一个美丽的童话。大众传播媒介并不是所谓“社会合意”的反映和体现,传播媒介并不止于消极地传达新闻和信息,而是积极地从事着某种有意识的灌输活动,它在意识形态内容的生产和再生产中充当着重要角色。


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