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凇沪会战

名词解释题
2023-11-08 15:13
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亦称上海抗战。抗日战争初期,国民党军和侵华日军在淞沪地区进行的一次大会战。1937年8月13日,日军大举进攻上海,国民党驻军奋起反击,淞沪会战爆发。会战中日军以松井石根为总司令,共投入12个师团及海空军、特种部队30余万人的兵力。国民党军以冯玉祥为总司令,共投入70余个师70余万兵力,在上海各界群众的支持下,进行了坚决抵抗。8月下旬,日军在吴淞、川沙登陆,国民党军在宝山、月浦、罗店浏河等地与日军反复争夺。9月17日,国民党军全线退至北站、江湾、庙行、双草墩一线,坚守防御。11月5日,日军在杭州湾登陆,对国民党军阵地右侧背进行迂回包围,国民党军遂被迫于9月撤出上海。至此淞沪会战结束。历时约3个多月的淞沪会战,日军伤亡4万多人,损失了大量兵力,粉碎了其三个月灭亡中国的狂妄计划,显示了国民党军广大爱国官兵英勇抗日的精神。


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标签: 民国史 历史学
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