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ground substance (基质)

名词解释题

2021-09-01 03:37

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正确答案

细胞外基质的物理性质主要受细胞外基质中蛋白聚糖所携带的多糖基团的影响，蛋白聚糖是由糖胺聚糖（glycosaminoglycans，GAG）以共价的形式同线性多肽连接而成的多糖和蛋白复合物。
蛋白聚糖的主要成份是糖胺聚糖，是由重复二糖单位构成的无分支长链多糖。二糖单位包括∶硫酸软骨素（chondroitin sulfate）、硫酸角质素（keratan sulfate）、肝素（heparin）、硫酸乙酰肝素（heparan sulfate）、透明质酸（hyaluroni cacid）、硫酸皮肤素（dermatan sulfate）等。这些二糖都含有一个氨基糖，并至少含有一个负电的磺酸基或羧基团。由于氨基聚糖是亲水的，并且带有负电荷，所以它们既能结合阳离子又能结合水分子，由于糖胺聚糖的这种性质，它们在细胞外创造了水合的、胶状的材料，形成了所谓的细胞外基质的基质。

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标签：细胞社会的联系大学试题

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