Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

When loading or discharging dry mud or cement，crew members should use goggles and（）.

Effects which are dutiable or subject to prohibitions or restrictions should be declared in （）.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

生活在极端干旱的沙漠地区的植物通常采取的生活史对策为：（）。

根据对水分的需求，把植物分为三种生态类型：需在水中完成生活史的植物叫（）植物；在陆生植物中适应于不干不湿环境的植物叫（）植物；适应于干旱环境的植物叫（）植物。然而这三者的划分不是绝对的。

为什么说裸子植物比蕨类植物更适应陆地生活？

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。