（）shall be liable for loss of and damage to the Vessel and／or goods arising or resulting from inaccuracies in stating the description，quantity，weight，measurement or contents.

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

When loading or discharging dry mud or cement，crew members should use goggles and（）.

Effects which are dutiable or subject to prohibitions or restrictions should be declared in （）.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

背景材料： 普通高中化学课程标准（实验）》中提出：突出化学学科特征，更好地发挥实验的教育功能。以实验为基础是化学学科的重要特征之一。化学实验对全面提高学生的科学素养有着极为重要的作用。化学实验有助于激发学生学习化学的兴趣，创设生动活泼的教学情景，帮助学生理解和掌握化学知识和技能，启迪学生的科学思维，训练学生的科学方法，培养学生的科学态度和价值观。 问题： （1）化学学科有哪些基本特征？ （2）在高中化学课程中，学生需要掌握的实验技能都有哪些？ （3）教学中，可以从哪些方面发挥实验的教学功能？

《义务教育化学课程标准（2011年版）》对必要的基础的学生实验的规定，下列选项中是初中生必须完成的化学实验是（）。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。