______ twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

A declaration made by the Master before a PRC Consul，giving particulars regarding heavy weather or other incidents which may have caused damage to the vessel or cargo，through no fault of the vessel，her officers，or crew is a(n)（）.

（）is entitled to enter into，with a shipper，any agreement，stipulation，condition，reservation or exception as to the responsibility and liability of the carrier or the ship for the loss of or damage to，or in connection with，the custody and care and handling of the goods prior to the loading on，and subsequent to the discharge from，the ship on which the goods are carried by sea.

What is a functional or carriage requirement for compulsory vessels?（）

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

（ ）estimating is a technique for estimating the duration or cost of an activity ou project using historical data from a similar activity or project.

The central purpose of management is （） every action or decision help achieve a carefully chosen goal.

A mark or place at which a vessel comes under obligatory entry，transit，or escort procedure is know as（）.

Damage to cargo caused by fumes or vapors from liquids，gases，or solids is known as（）.

（）generally indicates that a gale or storm is approaching.