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浅反射

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2021-09-25 12:07
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刺激不同部位的皮肤或黏膜引起的反射称浅反射。临床上常见的浅反射有角膜反射、腹壁反射、提睾反射、跖反射等。
1.角膜反射嘱被检查者眼向内上注视,检查者用细棉签纤维由角膜外缘向内轻触被检查者角膜,正常时该眼睑迅速闭合,称直接角膜反射。反射弧为三叉神经眼支-脑桥-面神经核。
2.腹壁反射被检查者仰卧,双下肢屈曲并拢、放松腹部。用钝针或木签由外向内轻划腹壁。反射作用为该侧腹肌收缩,脐孔略向刺激侧偏移。上、中、下腹壁反射中枢分别为胸髓7~8、9~10、11~12节段。
3.提睾反射用钝针或木签由下而上轻划大腿内侧皮肤,可引起同侧提睾肌收缩、睾丸上提。消失或减弱见于同侧锥体束或生殖股神经损害等。
4.提肛反射轻划肛门周围皮肤,可致肛门外括约肌收缩。反射消失,提示骶髓第5节段反射弧受损。


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