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吴三桂

名词解释题
2021-12-22 16:58
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明清之际,高邮人。明末任辽东总兵,封平西伯,住山海关。他一贯心怀两端,待价而沽。李自成起义军攻入北京时,他延迟观望,不肯及时发兵救援崇祯帝。1644年,明朝灭亡。农民军对山海关明总兵吴三桂抱有幻想,派人招降,吴三桂遂决计归附大顺。后他得知农民军向地主官僚拷问追赃,并拘禁他的父亲和爱妾,便退回山海关。一方面厉兵秣马,准备与农民军对抗到底,另一方面向清摄政多尔衮乞师求降,并献出了山海关。同年五月,清军攻占北京,颠覆大顺政权,清正式定都北京。清统一后,吴三桂被封为平西王镇守云南,他大兴土木,自持功高,上抗朝廷,下欺百姓,严重威胁了清朝政府。于是康熙对他采取了限制措施。1673年吴三桂在云南起兵反叛,1681年康熙下令三路大军会师云南,吴三桂自杀,叛乱平息.


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吴三桂做了清的降臣
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