首页/ 题库 / [单选题]右心衰竭的病人常因组织液生成过多而致下肢的答案

右心衰竭的病人常因组织液生成过多而致下肢水肿,其主要原因是()

单选题
2021-12-27 17:41
A、血浆胶体渗透压降低
B、毛细血管血压增高
C、组织液静水压降低
D、组织液胶体渗透压升高
E、淋巴回流受阻
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正确答案
B

试题解析
过多的液体在组织间隙或体腔积聚称为水肿。在毛细血管动脉端,一部分血浆经滤过进入组织间隙,在毛细血管静脉端,一部分组织液被重吸收进入血管内。有效滤过压=(毛细血管血压+组织液胶体渗透压)-(组织液静水压+血浆胶体渗透压)。右心衰竭时,毛细血管内流体静压增高,可导致全身性水肿的发生。机制为:(1)心输出量降低,有效循环血量减少;(2)体静脉回流障碍。导致组织液的生成大于回流。①由于心力衰竭,心肌收缩力减弱,静脉系统淤血,使静脉压升高,一方面致使毛细血管内流体静压增高,另一方面使淋巴回流受阻;②心输出量的降低,RAAS系统兴奋,使小静脉收缩,使毛细血管内流体静压增高;③钠水的潴留,使血容量增加,也使静脉压升高;④心力衰竭患者由于消化功能障碍,导致蛋白质摄入、吸收和合成障碍,导致血浆胶体渗透压下降;⑤钠水潴留,使血液稀释,也使血浆胶体渗透压下降

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