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(美国学者弗农的)产品周期理论

名词解释题
2021-12-30 00:59
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弗农于60年代提出,主要用于解释国际投资的空间变化。他把产品的发展分为三个阶段,并把这些阶段与企业的区位选择联系起来。即在新产品阶段,新产品的发明和生产出现在主要发达工业国的都市中心。在成熟产品阶段产品的市场主要在发达国家,当出口商品的边际成本加上运输成本大于在当地生产的平均生产成本时,企业会选择直接投资,投资对象以发达国家为主。在标准化产品阶段,企业趋于把生产和装配业务转移到劳动力成本很低的发展中国家,使得初试发明此产品的国家变为该产品的进口国。


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