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正义(柏拉图)

名词解释题
2022-01-02 08:12
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正确答案

柏拉图首先从探讨个人正义开始,继而转向对城邦正义的探讨,从而论证了合乎正义的城邦的基本原则,他认为所谓的合乎正义的城邦就是实现或体现了至高的“善“的城邦,就是城邦的理念,它贯穿着整体主义精神,追求城邦的整体和谐、统一,要求个人无条件的为城邦服务。正义是个人内心的一种道德或品质,奠定了后来西方学者对个人正义的思考。城邦的正义集中体现在社会分工上,国家的三个等级,包括统治者、辅助者和生产者只要各司其职,各守其序,各尽其责,分工互助,国家就实现了正义。这从一定程度上给当权者一定的限制和不自由。


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