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增长极限论

名词解释题
2022-01-05 02:27
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以经济增长为核心的传统发展模式,在给大多数国家带来GNP快速增长的同时,也带来了自然资源过度开发,环境污染日益严重等一系列问题。人口增长、粮食供应、资本投资、环境污染和资源耗竭是影响经济增长的5个主要因素,这五种因素的共同特点是它们的增长都是指数增长。人口的增长将直接形成对粮食指数增长的需求。未来粮食的供给,决定于土地和淡水的数量,还决定于农业资本,农业资本的形成又依赖于资本投资。而允许资本存量增长的是不可再生的资源,因此,未来粮食生产的扩大实际上决定于不可再生资源的可利用性。至于环境污染有些直接与人口增长或农业活动有关,有些直接与工业增长和技术进步有关,有些与两者都有关系。由于地球是有限的,空间是有限的,地球吸收污染的能力也是有限的,因此,我们这个星球上的经济增长就会在今后一百年内某个时期达到极限,即世界末日就会到来。


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