—What's the latest situation with all these customer complaints we've been receiving?

—___________the quality of the material has not always been up to standard.

Both bus and tree topologies are characterized by the use of multipoint (1).For the bus, all stations attach, through appropriate hardware (2) known as a tap, directly to a linear transmission medium, or bus. Full-duplex operation between the station and the tap allows data to be transmitted onto the bus and received from the(3). A transmission from any station propagates the length of the medium in both directions and can be received by all other  (4). At each end of the bus is a (5) , which absorbs any signal, removing it from the bus.

Both bus and tree topologies are characterized by the use of multipoint (1).For the bus, all stations attach, through appropriate hardware (2) known as a tap, directly to a linear transmission medium, or bus. Full-duplex operation between the station and the tap allows data to be transmitted onto the bus and received from the(3). A transmission from any station propagates the length of the medium in both directions and can be received by all other  (4). At each end of the bus is a (5) , which absorbs any signal, removing it from the bus.

Both bus and tree topologies are characterized by the use of multipoint (1).For the bus, all stations attach, through appropriate hardware (2) known as a tap, directly to a linear transmission medium, or bus. Full-duplex operation between the station and the tap allows data to be transmitted onto the bus and received from the(3). A transmission from any station propagates the length of the medium in both directions and can be received by all other  (4). At each end of the bus is a (5) , which absorbs any signal, removing it from the bus.

Both bus and tree topologies are characterized by the use of multipoint (1).For the bus, all stations attach, through appropriate hardware (2) known as a tap, directly to a linear transmission medium, or bus. Full-duplex operation between the station and the tap allows data to be transmitted onto the bus and received from the(3). A transmission from any station propagates the length of the medium in both directions and can be received by all other  (4). At each end of the bus is a (5) , which absorbs any signal, removing it from the bus.

A company has a business application that provides its users with many different reports:
receivables reports, payables reports, revenue projects, and so on. The company has just purchased some new, state-of-the-art, wireless printers, and a programmer has been assigned the task of enhancing all of the reports to use not only the company's old printers, but the new wireless printers as well. When the programmer starts looking into the application, the programmer discovers that because of the design of the application, it is necessary to make changes to each report to support the new printers.
Which two design concepts most likely explain this situation?（）