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简述唐朝的科举制。

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2022-05-08 12:28
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科举制始创于隋朝,至唐朝进一步发展、完善,成为选拔官僚的主要方法。唐朝的科举分常举和制举两种。常举每年举行考试,科目主要是明经、进士、明法、明书、明算、秀才等。常举的应考者有两个来源,一为生徒,二为乡贡。应考者主要集中在明经和进士两科。
明经科主要考试儒家经义,比较容易;进士科主要考诗赋和政论,难度很大,而且又是做高官的主要途径,因之最受重视。常举初由吏部主持,后由礼部主持。制举是为了搜罗非常人才而临时设置的考试,不常举行。一般士人和官吏都可应考,录取者优予官职或提升。科举制有利于庶族地主参政,进一步扩大了封建统治的经阶级基础。

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