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简述五言诗的起源。

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2022-06-18 16:37
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五言诗是我国古典诗歌的主要形式。与其它诗歌样式一样,也是从民间产生的。早在四言诗盛行的时代,五言诗就已经开始萌芽,《诗经》中的四言诗中偶然杂有五言诗句。到了春秋末期,楚国的《孺子歌》、秦始皇时的《长城谣》等,已可看作是五言诗的雏形。西汉时,五言的歌谣越来越多,自汉武帝以后,五言歌谣被大量地采入乐府,成为乐府歌辞。它们有不少的新故事以及相当的艺术技巧,逐渐吸引文人们的注意和爱好。文人在自己的诗歌创作中开始模仿起来,于是就有了文人的五言诗。
最早的文人五言诗当是班固的《咏史》。歌咏缇萦救父的故事。虽“有感叹之词”,但“质木无文”,缺乏形象性。文人模仿民歌创作的五言诗当以辛延年的《羽林郎》为著名,它是模仿《陌上桑》而写的。东汉桓、灵之际的《古诗十九首》则标志着文人五言抒情诗的成熟。这便是五言诗的起源。五言诗从民间歌谣到文人写作,经过一个长期的发展过程。

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