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“供给”是给谁东西?

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2022-11-23 12:20
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正确答案

“供给”现代的意义是把生活中必需的物资、钱财、资料等给需要的人使用,分开来讲,“供”和“给”都有把东西给需要的人用的意思,但在古汉语中,二者所供应的对象是有分别的。
“供”最初的意义多用于在祭祀中供应鬼神或是卑下者供应尊长者的需要。它所包含的内容很广泛,不论什么物品,只要是有需要,都可以“供”。如《韩非子·解老》:“凡马之所以大用者,外供甲兵而内给淫奢也”;又如:供膳(供给膳食)、供饷(供给差粮)、供祀(供给祭祀)。
“给”在古汉语中不是“给予”的意思,而是指满足人的日常衣食的需要,它所提供的物品种类比“供”要少得多,而且主要是自己供应自己,也包括平等人之间的相互救济和尊长对卑下者的救济。如《战国策·齐策》“孟尝君使人给其食、用,无使乏”,是尊长者对卑下者救济,只限于食物和生活所需;《汉书·朱买臣传》“常艾薪樵,卖以给食”,这是自己供应自己食物。


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