宋朝的指挥，指中央主管官署就某项法令所作的解释。解释刑统的，称“申明刑统”；解释敕的，称“申明敕”。“申明”也具有法律效力。

宋朝尚书省和中央其他官署对某事所作的指示或决定，对以后同类事件具有约束力，与敕、令并行，这种法律形式叫做（）。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

When loading or discharging dry mud or cement，crew members should use goggles and（）.

Effects which are dutiable or subject to prohibitions or restrictions should be declared in （）.

（）are liable to be stoten, pilfered or may damaged due to improper handing or stowage.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。