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贫血的病因、分类。

问答题

2021-09-21 11:40

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正确答案

按病因及发病机制分类：
（1）红细胞生成减少：①干细胞复制与分化异常：造血干细胞（再生障碍性贫血）、红系祖细胞（纯红细胞再生障碍性贫血）；②红细胞生成素相对不足等因素：慢性病贫血、肾性贫血和内分泌病引起的贫血；③骨髓被异常细胞或组织所浸润：骨髓病性贫血；④DNA合成障碍：维生素B₁₂或叶酸缺乏引起的巨幼细胞贫血；⑤血红素合成障碍：缺铁性贫血、铁粒幼细胞性贫血；⑥珠蛋白合成障碍：珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血（又称地中海贫血）。
（2）红细胞破坏过多：溶血性贫血。
（3）失血：急性失血性贫血。
按成熟红细胞形态学分类：

试题解析

标签：血液系统临床执业医师实践技能

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