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简述萨伊的价值理论。

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2021-12-27 03:46
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萨伊认为:生产不是创造物质(物质不非人力所能创造),而是创造效用。财富由有效用的物品构成,创造效用即创造了财富。在他看来,一切有助于增加效用的活动均为生产性劳动,不管发生在农业还是工商业中。
从生产论出发,萨伊提出了效用价值论。他将效用与价值相等同,认为创造效用即创造了价值,财富大小由财富的内在价值衡量,而价值大小则取决于效用大小。实际上,效用是价值的前提,但价值不是效用。萨伊认为,价格是测量物品价值的尺度,用价格代替价值分析后,又把价格决定归结为供给和需求关系决定。当供求一致时,价格由生产费用决定。所以,萨伊的价值论是效用论、供求论及生产费用论的混合体。


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