BI am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke(唤起) an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions(认识)of the limited English speaker.I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is, because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal(内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.41. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ______.

Look at the topic headings below, marked A, B, C, D E, and F, and match them with the paragraphs in the text below. There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use.　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.　　A.Gaining attention　　B.Making sense of information 　　C.Trade secrets　　D.Academic approval 　　E.A change of focus 　　F.An ancient skill　　1 ______　　The Greek philosophers knew about it and it could still dramatically improve children’s school results today, except that no one teaches it. It is a very old technique for making your memory better. Try memorizing this series of random numbers: 3, 6, 5, 5, 2, 1, 2, 4. About as meaningful as dates in history, aren’t they? It is likely that you won’t remember them in five minutes, let alone in five hours. However, had you been at a lecture given at a school in the south of England last month, you would now be able to fix them in your head for five days, five weeks, in fact for ever.　　2______　　“I am going to give you five techniques that will enable you to remember anything you need to know at school,” promised lecturer Ian Robinson to a hundred schoolchildren. “When I’ve finished in two hours’ time, your work will be far more effective and productive. Anyone not interested, leave now.” The entire room sat still, glued to their seats.　　3______　　Robinson specializes in doing magic tricks that look totally impossible, and then he shows that they involve nothing more mysterious than good old-fashioned trickery. “I have always been interested in tricks involving memory,” he explains.　　4 ______　　What Robinson’s schoolchildren get are methods that will be familiar to anyone who has dipped into any one of a dozen books on memory. The difference is that Robinson’s approach is aimed at schoolchildren. The basic idea is to take material that is random and meaningless and give them a structure. That series of numbers at the beginning of the article fits in here. Once you think of it as the number of days in the year—365—and the number of weeks—52—and so on, it suddenly becomes permanently memorable.　　5 ______　　The reaction of schools has been uniformly enthusiastic. “The pupils benefited a lot from Ian’s talk,” says Dr Johnston, head of the school where Robinson was speaking. “Ideally we should run a regular class in memory techniques so pupils can pick it up gradually.”

Passage 4　　Hurtling as we are towards the new millennium, with all the social changes this iconic date implies, it is increasingly apparent (21)______ the world of business is experiencing fundamental shifts. Today, both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity; it’s ultimately (22)______ and about people.　　In future, employers will (23)______ doubt demand more rounded individuals to run their operations, which naturally creates a question for the next generation of students, “Is the classic MBA still the model—and obligatory—passage toward that ideal career?”　　The Masters of Business Administration (MBA), the best-known business school label, is an introduction to general management. The traditional MBA, Harvard-style, has remained largely unaltered (24)______ the 1950s, and seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions through the case study—a(n) (25)______ incidentally borrowed from law school.　　The trouble is that the real world is not a theoretical exercise. The problems managers face today are messy, and, if anything, are becoming messier, neither fitting in neat functional boxes nor (26)______ one simple answer. Ambiguity is the hardest (27)______ to manage, but it’s the one most managers are wrestling with.　　“Management is more art than science,” observes Richard D’Aveni, professor of strategic management at Dartmouth’s Amos Tuck School of Business Administration. “No one can say with certainty which decisions will bring the most (28)______, any more than they can create instructions over (29)______ to sculpt, a masterpiece. You just have to feel it as it goes.”　　John Quelch is another business-school insider who detects the limitations of the traditional syllabus. According to Quelch, leadership is an area that b-schools have not fully addressed. It is notoriously hard to teach, (30)______ programs do have the capacity to provide a grounding in non-business areas and personal growth.　　21. A. which　　　　　 　B. that　　　　 　　　C. how　　　　 　D. why　　22. A. for　　　　　　　 B. to　　　　　 　　　C. with　　　　　D. by　　23. A. without　　　　　 B. with　　　　 　　　C. in　　　　　　D. above　　24. A. until　　　　　　 B. since　　　　　　　C. before　　　　D. after　　25. A. attribute　　　　 B. characteristic　 　C. feature　　 　D. trait　　26. A. offering　　　 　 B. offered　　　　　　C. offer　　　　 D. to offer　　27. A. issue　　　　 　　B. question　　　　　 C. problem　　 　D. affair　　28. A. benefit　　　　 　B. profit　　　 　　　C. value　　　　 D. good　　29. A. what　　　　　　　B. when　　　　　　　 C. how　　　　　 D. why　　30. A. and　　　　　　　 B. but　　　　　　　　C. because　　 　D. as

根据以下内容回答题，
Mr．Reece is an interesting old man．Mr．Reece worked 41 a farm．He and his wife 42 a lot of things and they had some cows．Every day they worked hard 43 morning till night．One day，Mr．Reeee44 his wife．“Let’s go to Portsmouth next Sunday．We Call have a good lunch there and then We call go to tile cinema" His wife was very 45 when she heard this，because they always ate a lot，and she didn’t like 46 three times It day．They went to Portsmouth 47 and walked about for an hour．Then， 48 it was twelve o’clock．they wanted to have lunch．They looked at four restaurants．In front of one restaurant，they saw a notice. It 49 ，“Lunch：12：30 to 2：30，1．5 pounds．”“Well，that’s great．”Mr．Reece said，“We call eat for two hours for 1．5 pounds here! This is the 50 for us．”
第41题应选：

Passage 2　　In sports the sexes are separate. (1)______ and men do not run or swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men. That (2)______ is (3)______ people say. Women are (4)______ “the weaker sex”, or if men want to please them,“the fair sex”. But boys and girls are taught (5)______ schools and universities. There are women (6)______ are famous prime ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men. (7)______ European woman can expect (8)______ until the age of 74; a man only until he is 68. Are women's bodies really weaker? The fastest men can run a mile in (9)______ 4 minutes. The best women need 5 minutes. Women's times are always slower than (10)______ , but some facts are a surprise. Some of the (11)______ women swimmers today are girls. One of them swam 400 meters (12)______ 4 minutes and 21.2 seconds when she was only 16. The first“Tartan” in films (13)______ an Olympic swimmer, Johnny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 meters was 4 minutes and 59.1 seconds, (14)______ is 37.9 seconds (15)______ than a girl 50 years (16)______! This does not mean that women are catching men (17)______. Conditions are very different now, and sport is much (18)______ serious. It is (19)______ serious that some women are given hormone injections. At the Olympics a doctor has to check (20)______ the women are really women or not. It seems like that sport has many problems. Life can be very complicated when there are more than two separate sexes.1. A. Woman　　　　　 B. Womans　　　　　 C. Women　　　　　D. Females2. A. at least　　　　B. at most　　　　　C. at less　　　　D. at more3. A. that　　　　　　B. which　　　　　　C. what　　　　　 D. who4. A. call　　　　　　B. called　　　　　 C. calls　　　　　D. to call5. A. in　　　　　　　B. to　　　　　　　 C. on　　　　　　 D. at6. A. who　　　　　　 B. whom　　　　　　 C. what　　　　　 D. that7. A. A　　　　　　　 B. An　　　　　　　 C. The　　　　　　D. /8. A. live　　　　　　B. to live　　　　　C. living　　　　 D. lived9. A. among　　　　　 B. between　　　　　C. under　　　　　D. amount10. A. men　　　　　　B. man　　　　　　　C. men’s　　　　 D. man’s11. A. fast　　　　　 B. faster　　　　　 C. fastest　　　　D. fastly12. A. in　　　　　　 B. on　　　　　　　 C. under　　　　　D. between13. A. were　　　　　 B. is　　　　　　　 C. was　　　　　　D. are14. A. that　　　　　 B. when　　　　　　 C. who　　　　　　D. which15. A. slow　　　　　 B. fast　　　　　　 C. slower　　　　 D. faster16. A. later　　　　　B. late　　　　　　 C. lately　　　　 D. latest17. A. on　　　　　　 B. at　　　　　　　 C. up　　　　　　 D. in18. A. most　　　　　 B. least　　　　　　C. more　　　　　 D. less19. A. such　　　　　 B. so　　　　　　　 C. very　　　　　 D. many20. A. if　　　　　　 B. but　　　　　　　C. that　　　　　 D. whether

It’s Sunday today. You needn’t ______ so early this morning.

It’s Sunday today. You needn’t _____ so early this morning.

Look at the topic headings below, marked A, B, C, D E, and F, and match them with the paragraphs in the text below. There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use.
　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.
　　A.Multi-centre cities
　　B.The urban world in 2050
　　C.The widening poverty gap
　　D.Rapid increase of urban population
　　E.Endangered coastal cities
　　F.Growing of small cities
　　1 ______
　　In 1900, just 13 percent of the world’s people lived in cities. In 2008, the number passed 50 percent for the first time in history. By 2050, the number will be about 70 percent. The urban population in Asia and Africa will double, and there will be nearly 30 “megacities”—cities with more than 10 million people. So what will life be like for people in the cities of the future? Professor of human geography Ben Rhodes describes his vision of the urban world in 2050.
　　2 ______
　　Life in cities will be very different from what it is today. Energy, especially oil, will be very expensive; so many people will probably work at home, or have their workplaces close to where they live. There’ll be less traffic on the roads, and it’ll be easier for people to be close to their families. For these reasons cities won’t have just one centre where everyone goes to work and shop. Instead, we’ll probably see cities with many different centers.
　　3 ______
　　It will be difficult to provide enough water, gas and electricity for really big cities, so they will probably stop growing. Many people from the countryside will move to smaller cities of 500,000 people or less. Transport over long distances will be a lot more expensive than it is now, so people will have to use food and energy from the countryside around their cities. They will use local materials for building, and perhaps traditional styles of architecture too.
　　4 ______
　　The thing I really worry about is that energy may become too expensive for many people. In the end we might have two groups of people: a rich group which can afford energy and lives in clean, green areas, and a bigger, poorer group which can’t afford it and has to live in the more polluted parts of the city. This might lead to serious social problems.
　　5 ______
　　As we all know, cities near the sea will probably experience some extra problems. As temperatures around the world go up, sea levels will rise and many places will have problems with flooding. Some cities will be safe, some may even find that the change in the climate is good for them, but others will need help. We really need to start planning for this now.

Passage 2　　● Read this text about information-oriented society.　　● Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.　　● For each gap (9-14), mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.　　● Do not use any letter more than once.　　● There is an example at the beginning (0).New Developments for an Information—Oriented Society　　The astounding technological progress that is being achieved recently with electronics as the center—piece is providing our society with sophisticated means for information processing and distribution. Information channeling technology is undergoing rapid progress and has, in reality, become a decisive factor determining the very future of our society and economy.　　Backed by civilian factors such as diversification of philosophies of value and sophistication of needs and preferences in concert with the nation’s rising living standard, Japanese society is presently undergoing changes in the extension of economic services and in the industrial structure. Meanwhile, newly coined words such as “information channeling,” ,“software-based operations” and “de-industrialization” have come into use to make these changes tangible, and what can be said commonly in connection with these words in that.(9)______　　The trend toward and information-oriented society is becoming apparent even in industry, with personnel engaged in information channeling professions increasing at a fast pace recently in all sectors of industry. These trends in both society and industry have been made possible primarily through poplar acceptance of the computer, communications equipment and data processing equipment, but further reliance on sophisticated computerized systems can be seen not only in the sector of industry but also in our daily lives.(10)______　　Information channeling is undergoing remarkable progress in various sectors of society—in industrial activities, public services and, more recently, in daily living.　　In the sector of industrial activities, automations is continuing with the aim of increasing productivity—introduction of computers for process control by the manufacturing industry, and introduction of no machine tools, industrial robots, CAD／CAM systems and, more recently, FMS by the processing and assembling industries.　　Meanwhile, in offices, rapid office automation is presently in progress, stimulated by the popular acceptance of computerized systems, expansion of communications networks and the remarkable technological progress achieved in related equipment such as Japanese word processors. (11)______　　Information channeling is being utilized actively in the field of public services. For example, large-capacity computers were introduced from an early stage for the control of railway trains and for extending seat reservation services, and more recently diagnostic systems utilizing computers have become commonplace in medical care to cope with the steady an aging society, research is in progress to develop technologies related to medical information systems with the aim of improving efficiency in medical services. (12)______　　In the sector of administration, efficiency of clerical work is being improved through the introduction of computers, and huge volumes of administrative data are more recently being stored in data base systems. In the wake of these, computers have become indispensable for advancing large-scale R&D projects as in connection with space development and atomic power development, and also in the field of basic research in life sciences.(13)______　　To cope with civilian needs for more convenience in home living and in order to meet the needs raised by growing diversification of lifestyles, active research is presently in progress to develop and commercialize new media incorporating sophisticated data processing functions for use in addition to existing media involving the television, radio and telephone. In concert, research is being directed at developing technologies related to automation in the home.　　Progress of Science and Technology Supporting Information Channeling　　Electronic element technology, the foundation for progress of the computer as well as communications equipment, has undergone a steady transition form the vacuum tube, followed with the transistor and IC, to the current LSl. Progress has been so dramatic in integration rotes that, today, super LSIs integrating more than l00, 00 elements on a single circuit are being developed one after another elements on a single circuit are being developed one after another. (14)______　　A. The Current State of Information Channeling in Japan.　　B. In our society, “information” is gaining relatively greater significance compared with material resources.　　C. Rapid automation and efficiency improvement are also being achieved in the sector of commodity distribution through the introduction of advanced POS systems.　　D. Daily living is also a sector in which information channeling is taking firm root　　E. This progress has led to remarkable improvements in system economy and reliability, leading to the successive development of microcomputers and elements designed for the widest range of applications.　　F. Introduction of Information Systems in Various Sectors of Society.　　G. This has resulted in computers today that feature performances that were unimaginable in the early days of the computer.　　H. Regarding education, computerized systems including the CAI system and CMI system are presently being put to trial operation.

Practice 1　　阅读下面的对话，根据其内容写一篇有关Robinson夫妇的周末的记叙文。　　要求：　　1. 所写短文应与对话相关内容意义相符，涵盖其要点；　　2. 用你自己的语言表达，可改写对话中的句子，但不可照抄原句。　　注意：　　1. 词数80词左右，开头已为你写好；　　2. 请将短文直接写在答题卡上。　　Lisa: Excuse me, could I ask you some questions?　　Robinson: Of course.　　Lisa: I work for an advertising agency, and I’m doing some research. It’s for a new magazine for people like you.　　Robinson: People like me? What do you mean?　　Lisa: Well, people between 25 and 35 years old.　　Robinson: OK.　　Lisa: Right. Em, what do you do at the weekend?　　Robinson: Well, on Fridays my wife always goes to her exercise class. Then she visits friends.　　Lisa: Don’t you go out?　　Robinson: Not on Fridays. I never go out on Fridays. I stay at home and watch television.　　Lisa: And on Saturdays?　　Robinson: On Saturdays, my wife and I always go sailing together.　　Lisa: Really?　　Robinson: Em, we love it. We never miss it. And then in the evening we go out.　　Lisa: Where to?　　Robinson: Different places. We sometimes go and see friends. We sometimes go to the cinema or a restaurant. But we always go out on Saturday evenings.　　Lisa: I see. And now on Sunday, what happens on Sundays?　　Robinson: Nothing special. We often go for a walk, and 1 always cook a big Sunday lunch.　　Lisa: Oh! How often do you do the cooking?　　Robinson: Em, twice a week, three times a week.　　Lisa: Thank you very much. All I need now are your personal details: your name, your job, and so on. What’s your surname?　　Robinson: Robinson.　　Mr. Robinson never goes out on Fridays.

[A] The Right Stuff Employee is results-oriented.　　[B] Multitasking ability.　　[C] Improvement oriented.　　[D] The Right Stuff Employee has high levels of enthusiasm and energy.　　[E] The Right Stuff Employee is a true team player.　　[F] Growth potential.　　[G] Know the boss.　　Fast growing, entrepreneurial organizations need employees who regularly demonstrate entrepreneurial characteristics and work habits. Management of entrepreneurial companies must work diligently to recognize, identify and attract this type of employee during the recruitment process to assure a steady stream of the people with the "Right Stuff" to fuel growth of the venture. So what are the characteristics of highly effective "Right Stuff" entrepreneurial employees? Here are a few to keep in mind as you interview potential new hires.　　1. ___________________________　　The Right Stuff Employee takes ownership to get the task done. She is a "can do" person who demonstrates common sense in her decision and actions and is able to cut through and resolve problems that divert others. Her business judgment is sound and becomes stronger with each experience, decision or recommendation. While supervisors and managers may disagree with her ultimate recommendation, they usually agree that the alternatives she presents are reasonable for the situation at hand.　　2. ___________________________　　Employee consistently generates output that is higher than could be reasonably expected. He is fully committed to the organization, its goals and overall success. Not only does he desire to make a contribution to results, he needs to see the results of his contributions quickly, not measured in years! He will seek out an organization that solicits and acts upon his ideas, gives credit where credit is due and points out errors and poor decisions quickly and clearly. He performs effectively with limited supervision and is able to self-motivate and set priorities with minimal guidance.　　3. ___________________________　　The Right Stuff Employee is flexible to accept new duties, assignments and responsibilities. He can perform more than one role until the incremental duties and functions assumed can be assigned to co-workers in newly defined roles. He is also willing to dig in and do grunt work tasks which eventually will be performed by lower level employees.　　4. ___________________________　　The Right Stuff Employee's reach exceeds her grasp today. Today's Right Stuff Employee is often next year's supervisor and a department manager soon thereafter. She is willing to accept much higher levels of responsibility that is the norm for her position, title, experience level or salary, She acts as a strong role model, trains and coaches others, and soon begins to assume supervisory responsibilities, again much earlier than would be expected in a normal corporate environment.　　5. ___________________________　　The Right Stuff Employee is more than willing to challenge in a constructive way existing procedures and systems; to her the status quo is temporary. She suggests changes and improvements frequently and encourages others to do so also. Right Stuff Employees are easier to manage in some ways but require a higher level of management involvement in others. Ordinary (average) employees will not produce extraordinary results over time; Right Stuff Employees will generally produce extraordinary results consistently over time. Unfortunately, unless properly motivated, managed and rewarded, Right Stuff Employees could perform at lower levels and only produce ordinary results.　　So when you interview each new employee or manager, look beyond the mere facts of the resume and ask yourself is this a "Right Stuff" person? You are most likely interviewing the person because of the resume. Now is the time to put the resume aside and focus on the "Right Questions".

This book is about the future of technology. In it we will examine some of the many recent developments in a few key fields and try, in a limited way, to predict where they will take us in the next fifteen years or (1)____.　　If that sounds like a modest goal, it’s not. Technology is the (2)____(dominate) force of our time and probably of all time to come. It appears in more varieties than we can count. It changes so rapidly (3)____ no scientist or engineer can keep up with his own field, much less with technology in general. It permeates and shapes our lives at every turn. We live in technology (4)____ fish live in the sea, and we have only a little better chance of (5) f____ the details of its future changes.　　Yet the task is well worth undertaking. Whatever hints we can glean (一点点搜集) about the future win help us prepare for the changes to come. Modest forecasts, evidence of trends, a few concrete developments to be expected all are better than no warning at all. And (6) th____ technology has made the present much less stable than the past, and surely will make the future more disturbed still, there is good reason to hope that our lives, in sum and on average, will be better as a result. In an age of uncomfortable (7) ch____, this is reassurance(保证) we all can use.　　For an idea of what is to come—in magnitude if not in (8) sp____—look to the past. In the last ninety years, the world has shrunk, while human experience has advanced almost beyond the recognition of these who grew up in our grandparent’s generation.A century after America’s (9)____(found) conceived their agrarian (耕地的) democracy, nearly all their descendents still lived on fanning. Since World War I, technology has extracted us from behind horse-drawn plows and plugged us into (10) as____ lines and offices. Today it is removing many of us from offices and letting us work at home or forcing us to work on the road.