早在20世纪三四十年代以前，特别是在系统论正式产生之前，巴纳德便在组织管理研究领域率先运用系统的观点来表述组织概念并建立了一套影响深远的组织理论体系，这对于包括行政学在内的整个管理科学所具有的理论贡献都是十分重大的。

《组织与管理》和《行政学研究》都是巴纳德的代表作。

巴纳德认为，个人决策是指有关组织活动的决定，主要从组织目标上考虑。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

When loading or discharging dry mud or cement，crew members should use goggles and（）.

Effects which are dutiable or subject to prohibitions or restrictions should be declared in （）.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。