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以北京四合院为例简述中国传统汉族住宅的特点。

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2021-12-28 05:15
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中国汉族地区传统民居的主流是规整式住宅,以采取中轴对称方式布局的北京四合院为典型代表。四合院建筑的布局,是以南北纵轴对称布置和封闭独立的院落为基本特征的。四合院是以正房、倒座房、东西厢房围绕中间庭院形成平面布局的北方传统住宅的统称。在中国民居中历史最悠久,分布最广泛,是汉族民居形式的典型。四合院里的绿化也很讲究,各层院落中,都配置有花草树木、荷花缸、金鱼池和盆景等。北京四合院分前后两院,居中的正房体制最为尊崇,是举行家庭礼仪、接见尊贵宾客的地方,各幢房屋朝向院内,以游廊相连接。北京四合院虽是中国封建社会宗法观念和家庭制度在居住建筑上的具体表现,但庭院方阔,尺度合宜,宁静亲切,花木井然,是十分理想的室外生活空间。


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