简述小学数学教学论的研究对象。学习和研究小学数学教学论的意义有哪些？

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

When loading or discharging dry mud or cement，crew members should use goggles and（）.

Effects which are dutiable or subject to prohibitions or restrictions should be declared in （）.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

小学数学学习过程可以从总体上划分为哪三个阶段？学生数学学习的过程一般包括哪三个环节？影响数学学习迁移的因素有哪些？为迁移而教应注意哪些教学原则？怎样帮助学生形成与增强数学学习的信心？

小学数学课程目标就是要回答为什么要开设数学这一学科，数学学科对小学生有哪些特殊的教育作用和共同的教育作用，通过数学这一学科的教学应当使学生达到什么样的要求。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。