If he is a common carrier，he is absolutely responsible to the owner of the goods carried （）any loss or damage to them unless caused by an Act of God or the Queen’s enemies，or the inherent vice in the goods themselves，or the negligence of the owner of the goods，or a general average sacrifice.

The court may reduce or deny remuneration if it appears that the salvors have by their fault （）or have been guilty of theft，receiving stolen goods，or other acts of fraud.

Owners are to be responsible for loss of or damage to the goods or delay in delivery of the goods only in case the loss，damage or delay has been caused by the improper or negligent stowage of the goods．This means that（）.

Where a container，pallet or similar article of transport is used to consolidate goods，the number of packages or units enumerated in the bill of lading as packed in such article of transport（）to be the number of packages or units in calculating the amount beyond which the carrier or the ship is not reliable.

The carrier is liable for loss of or damage to the goods or delay in delivery caused by fire，（）the claimant proves that the fire arose from fault or neglect on the part of the carrier，his servants or agents.

Although goods have been lost or damaged whilst in the custody of the Shipowner，（）not necessarily responsible，for his liability in respect of them may have been excluded by the rules of common law or by the express terms of the contract or by statute.

The merchant undertakes that no claim or allegation shall be made against any servant，agent or subcontractor of the carrier which（）to impose upon any of them or any liability whatsoever in connection with the goods.

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

工业发酵方式根据所用菌种是单一或是多种可以分为（）和混合发酵。

下列哪个条件不是发酵工程所用的菌种，必须满足的（）。